THE UNIVERSITY AUTONOMY IN THE CURRENT CONJUNCTURE

Sociologist from the University of Guadalajara, with a PhD in Social Science Research specializing in Political Science from the Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences (FLACSO), Mexico. He is a Level II National Researcher at the National System of Researchers and a full-time research professor at the Institute of Public Policy and Government Research at CUCEA, University of Guadalajara. He has served as Academic Coordinator of the Educational Policy Unit at the Center for Strategic Studies for Development at the University of Guadalajara and was a member of the Editorial Board of the Higher Education Review of ANUIES. He is the author of articles in specialized journals, chapters in collective works, and books. His most recent work, published in 2019 by the Center for Strategic Studies for Development, is "Surface of Images: University, Politics, and Culture in Times of Uncertainty."

With a PhD in Science from CINVESTAV and a postdoctoral fellowship from the University of British Columbia, he is a tenured researcher and department head at CINVESTAV. His research focuses on higher education, particularly public policy, institutional change, and adult learning. He is a member of the National System of Researchers and has published extensively in these areas. Currently, he serves as the president of the Mexican Council for Educational Research.

A Biochemical Engineer from the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes (UAA), he earned a Master's and a PhD in Biotechnology and Bioengineering from CINVESTAV-IPN. As a full-time professor at UAA since 1998, I have led the consolidated academic body on Bioengineering and Environmental Toxicology. I founded the Environmental Studies Laboratory (1998) and the Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory (2010). I have held various positions at UAA, including serving as rector since 2017. Recognized as a Level I researcher by the National System of Researchers, I have evaluated projects for the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT). I am the co-author of numerous publications, including articles in indexed international journals, book chapters, and patents. I have received several awards, such as the Aguascalientes Award for Scientific and Technological Development (2007) and the State Environmental Merit Award (2009).

Holding a PhD in Philosophy and Educational Sciences from the University of Barcelona, a Master's in Public Administration, and a Bachelor's in Administration from UNAM, he is a Research Professor and Director of the Institute for Research on Higher Education (IISUE) at UNAM. He teaches at the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters and in the Postgraduate Program in Pedagogy at the same university. As a Level III National Researcher and member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences, his research focuses on university governance and policy, the contemporary history of UNAM, and educational policy in Mexico. He is the author of 10 books and over 75 articles and book chapters. He has taught and lectured at universities in Mexico and abroad.

Holding a law degree from the University of Colima, with master's degrees in Constitutional Law and Political Science from the Center for Constitutional Studies in Madrid and UNAM, and a PhD from the Complutense University of Madrid, he is a researcher at El Colegio de México. Since 1983, he has taught at prestigious institutions such as the National Autonomous University of Mexico and the Autonomous Technological Institute of Mexico. He has supervised numerous theses at various levels and authored over 26 books. Additionally, he has published numerous articles in academic journals and newspapers such as El País, El Universal, and Proceso. A Level III member of the National System of Researchers, he is also a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences and the Colegio Nacional. He has received honorary doctorates from several universities and numerous awards, including the National Research Award and the National Science and Arts Award. From 2003 to 2018, he served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation.

A sociologist by training, with a master's degree in Communication and a doctorate in Anthropological Sciences. He has been a professor-researcher at the Autonomous Metropolitan University (UAM) since 1979. As a Level I SNI researcher with a PRODEP profile, he is a member of the Consolidated Academic Body on Sociology of Universities. He has served as coordinator of the Sociology undergraduate program, head of the Sociology Department, secretary, and rector of UAM Azcapotzalco. He has published over 60 papers in journals and books on academics, university students, and private higher education in Mexico, including six books such as "The Unknown Actors: An Approach to Understanding Students" and "University Academic Trajectories on a Snakes and Ladders Board." He has given 57 keynote speeches and participated in 60 national and international conferences. He contributed to the design of the national youth surveys in Mexico (2000 and 2005) and the National Scholarship Program (PRONABES). In 2011, he won the Rafael Cordera Campos Chair Award for his work in higher education.

Full-time professor at the Autonomous University of Querétaro (FCPyS). He has been a visiting professor at Harvard University and the University of York (UK). A Level II member of the National System of Researchers, he is a columnist for El Universal de Querétaro and former editor of journals such as the Mexican Journal of Educational Research and the Interamerican Journal of Adult Education. His research focuses on educational public policy and its relationship to development. He has coordinated networks for the Human Development and Capability Association. He is currently working on a project about the role of the opposition in the development of educational policy in Mexico.

Master's degree in Educational Psychology from UNAM. He began his professional career in vocational guidance and teaching (1963-1970), being a founding professor of the Faculty of Psychology at the Veracruzan University. He has held prominent roles in planning, management, and educational evaluation at the upper secondary and higher education levels. He was the founding director of the Center for Teacher Training and Updating of the College of Baccalaureate, academic secretary of ANUIES, general director of CENEVAL, and undersecretary of Higher Education at SEP. More recently, he was the general director of the Council for the Evaluation of Upper Secondary Education (COPEEMS). He is currently an advisor to the general director of CENEVAL.

She holds a PhD in Sociology from El Colegio de México (1999), awarded the best doctoral thesis prize by ANUIES. Since 1976, she has been a professor at UAM-A, where she holds the rank of Titular C and, since 2008, has been a distinguished professor. She has served as head and member of the Sociology Area of the Sociology Department. She is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences and the Mexican Council for Educational Research. She has held key positions, such as Research Coordinator in the Division of Social Sciences and Humanities (2006-2009) and Coordinator of the Graduate Program in Sociology (2014-2017). She was the director of RMIE (2010-2012) and has participated in editorial boards of journals such as Reencuentro, Sociológica, and Imaginales.

Holds a Law degree and a Master's in Criminal Jurisprudence from the University of Guanajuato. He earned a PhD in Criminal Law from the University of Salamanca, Spain. Recognized as a National Researcher by the SNI and the Program for Professional Development. He is the author, co-author, and coordinator of various works in Criminal Law, with 67 publications in specialized national and international journals. He has held prominent positions at the University of Guanajuato, such as Dean of the Law School and Rector of the Guanajuato Campus. He is currently the General Rector of this university. Professionally, he has worked in the Executive and Judicial branches. He is a professor in the Department of Law, Division of Law, Politics, and Government.

Holds a Law degree from UAM, a Master's in Law from Iberoamerican University, and a PhD in Law from the University of Alicante. She has advised SEP, CONACYT, ANUIES, CENEVAL, and other higher education institutions. She was the General Counsel of UAM and is currently the General Director of Legal Affairs at ANUIES. She has contributed to the drafting of organic laws and university legislative reforms. She has published on higher education topics such as normative policies, obstacles to graduation and graduation, and regulation for educational internationalization.

Former Rector of UAM-Azcapotzalco (2013-2017), Titular C Professor since 1974, and founding professor of this unit. He holds a degree in Sociology (UIA-UNAM), a Master's in Science Methodology (IPN), and a PhD in Education from the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes, with Magna Cum Laude honors and the ANUIES Award for the best doctoral thesis. Specialist in public policies, governance, and higher education financing. He has led projects funded by ANUIES, PIIES, and CONACYT. Member of the SNI (Level II) and editorial boards of journals such as Revista de la Educación Superior and Reforma. Recognized with the International Chair for Mexican Higher Education (2004-2005) and the Pablo Latapí Sarre recognition in 2016.

Former Rector of the Autonomous University of Aguascalientes and honorary researcher since 2016. Founder of the National Institute for the Evaluation of Education (INEE), which he directed from 2002 to 2008. Holding a degree in Social Sciences from the University of Leuven, he is a member of the SNI (Level II) and the Mexican Academy of Sciences. Author of 65 books, over 200 articles and chapters, and recognized with awards such as the ANUIES Award (1995) and the Pablo Latapí Sarre recognition (2009). Doctor Honoris Causa by the University of Valencia, Spain, in 2011. Currently, he continues to advise universities and train basic education teachers.

Holds a degree in Sociology from UNAM, a Master's in Sociology from FLACSO (Chile), and a PhD in Sociology from the University of Texas at Austin. Emeritus Researcher at the Institute of Social Research of UNAM and member of the SNI (Level III). Specialist in education, social inequality, and educational policy. He has directed the Higher Education Seminar at UNAM. He received the Social Sciences Research Award in 1984 and has published extensively on higher education and society.

Academic, physician, and Mexican politician, former rector of UNAM (2003–2011). A surgeon trained at UNAM with a postgraduate degree in Community Medicine from the University of Birmingham. He has served as Director of the Faculty of Medicine, Secretary of Health (2016–2018), and has been recognized by the WHO and UNICEF. He has received multiple honorary doctorates, notably from the universities of Santiago de Chile, Birmingham, Salamanca, and several in Mexico.

Specialist in Educational Planning, with studies in Law (UACH), a master's degree in Planning (University of Brasilia), and a doctorate in Latin American Studies (UNAM). He was the rector of UAM Azcapotzalco and the secretary-general of ANUIES. He has published eight books and received awards such as the Honoris Causa from the University of Baja California. Since 2002, he has written for the Campus supplement of the Milenio newspaper.

Pediatrician and academic, born in Parral, Chihuahua, in 1924. He was instrumental in transforming the Institute of Sciences at the UAA, where he served as rector (1978-1980). Founder of the School of Medicine and a cultural promoter in Aguascalientes, he created the Fine Arts Biennial that bears his name. He has published books and essays, and has received awards such as the Palmes Académiques and the Bona Gens Award.

Doctor of Social and Human Sciences (UAA) and Bachelor of History. Researcher and lecturer at UAA and Panamerican University. She has coordinated diplomas in History and Art and published books on university autonomy at UAA. Recognized for academic excellence, she is a member of history networks and a cultural promoter in Aguascalientes.

Born in Mexico City in 1940, he completed a bachelor's degree in Biology at the Faculty of Sciences of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), a master's degree in Science at the College of Postgraduates of Chapingo, and a doctorate at the University of Wales. His research career began at the Institute of Biology of the UNAM, of which he was director (1979-1986), and continued at the Institute of Ecology, which he founded in 1986. He was the coordinator of Scientific Research at UNAM (1986-1988) and rector of the institution for two terms (1989-1997).
In 1992 he founded the National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity (CONABIO), where he is the national coordinator. He is a member of the Presidential Advisory Council on Science and Honorary Vice President of the Mares de México Association; he also chaired the National Council for Social Participation in Education (CONAPASE). He has published more than 100 scientific papers and a dozen books, and has received six honorary doctorates from universities in Mexico and other countries.
In 1980 he won the Research Award of the Mexican Academy of Sciences and in 1990 the National Science Award in Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences. Other important recognitions include the Semina Motum Award (2007), the John C. Phillips Medal (2008), the Eduardo Neri Civic Merit Medal (2011), the Malinalli National Award (2012) and the NatureServe Award (2016). He is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences, El Colegio Nacional, and internationally, of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States and the Royal Society of the United Kingdom.

Sociologist with a master's degree in Educational Research and Development from the Iberoamerican University. An education researcher since 1970, she has published over 150 works, including books and articles, on educational quality, adult education, values education, and intercultural education. She founded and was the general coordinator of Intercultural and Bilingual Education at the Ministry of Public Education (2001-2007). She was president of the Governing Board of the OECD Centre for Educational Research and Innovation (2002-2004). In 2008, she received the Joan Amos Comenius Medal, awarded by the Czech Republic and UNESCO. She directed the Institute for Research on Educational Development at the Iberoamerican University (2007-2013) and received honorary doctorates from the Autonomous University of Baja California and Concordia University in Montreal, Canada. She was the first president of the autonomous INEE (2013-2017) and a member of its Governing Board until its dissolution in 2019. Since June of that year, she has held the position of Academic Vice-Rector at the Iberoamerican University.

Holding a law degree from the Law School and an Economics degree with honors from the National School of Economics, he earned a Ph.D. in History with honors from the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters at UNAM. He obtained advanced diplomas in General Administration from the International Institute of Public Administration in Paris and in Public International Law from the Academy of the International Court of Justice in The Hague.
He is the author of 35 books, has coordinated 22 works, co-authored 12, and supervised 56 undergraduate, master's, and doctoral theses. Among his recognitions are the Punto de Partida Award for the best undergraduate thesis and the Alfonso Caso Medal for his doctorate in History.
The Mexican government awarded him the Lázaro Cárdenas Administrative Merit Award and the Historical Research Award. He has received international decorations such as the French National Order of Merit in the ranks of Knight and Commander, the Order of Isabel the Catholic, and the Cross of Honor of the Order of Saint Raymond of Peñafort from Spain.
He is a full member of the Mexican Academy of Language, where he is a Statutory Censor, and a corresponding member of the Academy of History.

Full-time professor at the University of Guadalajara (UdeG) with a PRODEP profile, he is a lawyer and holds a master's degree in Law with a specialization in Justice Administration and Public Security from the UdeG. He obtained a master's degree in Educational Technology and pursued a doctorate at the University of Salamanca. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of New Mexico.
He has held various political and administrative positions, including Secretary of Planning, Administration, and Finance of the Government of Jalisco (2013-2014) and rector of the University Center of Tonalá (2016-2019). Since 2019, he has been the rector general of the UdeG, a position he will hold until 2025.
He has participated in more than 23 books and developed research projects. He has been a professor in the Law program since 2004 and in the graduate program in Law.